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clkelyqld2 · Posted: Tue 5:28, 08 Oct 2013 Post subject:

Air conditioner compressors usually fail from 1 of 2 conditions: some time and buisness hours (give up), or abuse. There are many failures that can occur elsewhere throughout system that could cause a compressor failure, but these are less common unless the machine has been substantially abused.

Usually [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] abuse is an effect of extended running with improper freon charge, and / or a result of improper service as i advanced. This improper service can incorporate overcharging, undercharging, installing the bad starter capacitor as a substitute, removing (rather than repairing/replacing) the thermal limiter, insufficient oil, mixing incompatible oil types, or wrong oil, installing the compressor for the system that had a serious burnout without taking proper steps to eliminate the acid that came from the system, installing the bad compressor (too small) of the system, or installing a whole new compressor for the system that had a few other failure which was a never diagnosed.

The compressor can fail in precisely a handful of different ways. It can fail open, fail shorted, experience a bearing failure, or perhaps a piston failure (throw a rod), or experiencing a valve failure. That could be more or less the full list.

Every time a compressor fails open, a wire stored [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] by the compressor breaks. This is unserviceable and the symptom is that the compressor does not run, although it may hum. In case the compressor fails open, and pursuing the steps here doesn't fix it, then the system may be a good candidate to have a new compressor. This failure causes no further [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] failures and won't damage the rest of the system; when the majority of this game's system is not decrepit then it will be cost effective to merely place a new compressor in.

Testing to have a failed open compressor is straightforward. Pop the electrical cover for the compressor off, and take out the wires and the thermal limiter. Using an ohmmeter, measure the impedance from one particular terminal to another across all of them terminals of the compressor. Also measure the impedance to the case of the compressor for all three terminals.

You need to read low [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] impedance values for many terminal to terminal connections (one or two hundred [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] ohms or fewer) and you must have a superior impedance (several kilo-ohms or greater) for all those terminals to your case (which is ground). If any of your terminal to terminal connections is a really high impedance, you own a failed open compressor. In very rare cases, an unsuccessful open compressor may show a low impedance to ground from one terminal (which will be among the list of terminals involved failed open). In this instance, the broken wire has moved which is contacting the reality. This kind of migraines - that's quite rare although not impossible - might lead to a breaker to trip and can bring about a misdiagnosis of failed short. Watch out here; do an acid test of the contents of the lines before deciding the way to go ahead with repair.

When a compressor fails short, what happens is that insulation at the wires has worn off or burned off or broken included in the compressor. This lets a wire for the motor winding touching something it should not touch - most commonly itself a turn or two further along on your motor winding. This can result inside a "shorted winding" that may stop the compressor immediately and cause it to warm up and burn internally.

Bad bearings could cause an unsuccessful short. Either the rotor wobbles such that you could contact the stator, leading to insulation damage that shorts the rotor either to ground or else towards the stator, or end bearing wear can allow the stator to shift down over time until it begins to rub against the stator ends and even the housing.

Usually when a sample shorts occur, it is not immediately a difficult short - meaning that initially the contact is intermittent and comes and goes. Each and every time the short occurs, the compressor torque drops sharply, the compressor may shudder a bit visibly consequently, so that shudder shakes the winding such that you can separate the short. Although short is contained in place, the existing from the shorted winding shoots up and a large amount [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] of heat is produced. Also, usually the short will blow some sparks - that generates acid inside the air conditioner system by decomposing the freon with a mixture of hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid.

Over time (possibly an a [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] few weeks, usually less) the shuddering along with the sparking along with the heat along with the acid cause insulation to fail rapidly on the winding. Ultimately, the winding loses enough insulation the fact that around the compressor is literally burning. This will only go on only a few minutes yet in that time the compressor destroys itself and fills the internal system with acid. Then the compressor stops. It will then melt a wire loose and short to your housing (which could trip your own home main breaker) or it might not. In the event the initial reason for the failure was bad bearings causing the rotor to rub, then usually when the thing finally dies it will likely be shorted to your housing.

When it shorts to your housing, it should blow fuses and/or breakers plus your ohmmeter will show a very low impedance [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] to the next or more windings to ground. If it won't short to your housing, then it may will just stop. Yourself establish the brand of failure using an ohmmeter.

You will never directly diagnose a failed short who has an ohmmeter unless it shorts to your housing - a shorted winding won't display having ohmmeter though it would with an inductance meter (but who has a kind of?) Instead, you will need to infer the failed short. Be done this by establishing the the ohmmeter gives normal readings, the starter capacitor is an useful one, power is arriving for the compressor, AND an acid test of many freon shows acid present.

That has a failed short, just stop trying. Change everything, which includes lines if at all possible. It isn't worth fixing; it truly is filled with acid and therefore is all junk. Further, a failed short might have been initially a result of another failure throughout system that caused a compressor overload; by replacing the whole system additionally you will get cleared of that potential other problem.

Less commonly, a compressor is going to have a bearing failure, piston failure or maybe a valve failure. These mechanical failures usually just signal give up but could signal abuse (low lubricant levels, thermal limiter removed so compressor overheats, chronic low freon condition due to un-repaired leaks). More rarely, they could signal another failure in the system such as a reversing valve problem or maybe an expansion valve problem that winds up letting liquid freon experience the suction side of your compressor.

If a bearing fails, usually you will know because the compressor will be understood as a motor with a bad bearing, or it will of course lock up and refuse to perform. Throughout worst [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] case, the rotor will wobble, the windings will rub at the stator, and you'll find yourself that has a [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] failed short.

In case the compressor locks up mechanically and fails to run, you will know this is because will buzz very loudly for a couple seconds and might shudder (same as any stalled motor) until the thermal limiter cuts it off. When you does your electrical checks, you will see no evidence of failed open or failed short. The acid test will show no acid. In such cases, you might try out hard-start kit but if the compressor has failed mechanically the hard-start kit won't get [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] the compressor to begin with. In cases like this, replacing the compressor is a good plan that long since the rest of the system is not decrepit. After replacing the compressor, you should carefully analyze the performance of the full system to determine whether the compressor problem was due to another thing.

Rarely, the compressor will experience a valve failure. In this case, it will either sit there and appear to own happily but is going to pump no fluid (valve won't close), or it will lock up from an inability to move the fluid away from the compression chamber (valve won't open). If it's running happily, then upon getting established that there's indeed tons of freon in the system, but nothing is moving, you then do not have a choice nonetheless refresh the compressor. Again, a system that has a compressor which has enjoyed a valve failure is a good candidate to get a new compressor.

Now, in case the compressor [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] is mechanically locked up it may be because of the couple of things. When the compressor is in a heat pump, be certain reversing valve is not really stuck half way. Also be certain the expansion valve is working; if it is blocked it may lock the compressor. Also be certain the filter will never be clogged. I once saw a system that had a locked compressor due to liquid lock. Some idiot had "serviced" the internal system by adding freon, and adding freon, and adding freon till the thing was completely full of liquid. Trust me; that does not work.

Should diagnosis show a clogged filter, the is important as positive a history of some failure inside the system OTHER than a compressor failure. Typically, it will be metal fragments away from the compressor that clogs the filter. This can only happen if something is producing the compressor to dress in very rapidly, particularly inside the pistons, the rings, the bores, and the bearings. Either the compressor has vastly insufficient lubrication OR (and a lot more commonly) liquid freon is getting directly into compressor at the suction line. This behavior needs to be stopped. Consider the expansion valve and at the reversing valve (to get a heat pump).
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